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Various Disorders of the Kidney Excretion System

Generally, humans have four excretion systems consisting of kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin. Each of these organs functions to remove metabolic waste and toxins from the body. However, what if the excretion system is disturbed, what is the cause? The following is a full review. Kidney is one of the excretion system that functions to remove waste from the body in the form of urine. Basically, this process is needed by the body to keep the chemicals in the body stable. However, this process can be interrupted, especially when the kidney has certain medical conditions.

Disorders and Diseases of the Kidney Excretion System

Excretion tools in humans, like the kidneys, can be affected by a variety of factors. Here are some diseases and disorders that can affect kidney function:

  • Kidney failure

    • Kidney failure is a condition in which the kidneys do not function normally, cannot filter metabolic waste, are unable to control the amount of water and electrolytes in the blood, and cannot control blood pressure. This makes toxins and harmful liquids will accumulate in the body, which can be fatal if not treated immediately. In general, kidney failure can be divided into two stages, namely acute kidney failure (ARF) and chronic kidney failure (CRF). Often, the symptoms of kidney failure in the early stages are difficult to detect so that the sufferer does not immediately take medication, and this condition will gradually become more severe. Some of the symptoms that should be wary of this disease are fatigue, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, weakness, reduced amount of urine, impaired heartbeat, frequent muscle cramps and tingling, swelling in the ankles, and nausea, vomiting.

  • Kidney infection

    • Kidney infection or pyelonephritis is a complication of urinary tract infection (UTI), which occurs due to the transfer of bacteria from the bladder to the kidneys. This disease is usually caused by E. coli bacteria found in human waste. Transfer of bacteria from the anus to the urinary tract can occur during sexual intercourse or when cleaning the area after defecation. Generally, women are more at risk for kidney infection. In addition, there are several other factors that increase the risk of kidney infection, including women who are sexually active, a weak immune system, long-term use of a catheter, a blockage in the urinary tract, to nerve damage around the bladder. Kidney infection will cause symptoms quite quickly, after the bacteria reach the kidneys. Symptoms arising from this disease include fever, pain around the stomach or back, the presence of blood or pus in the urine, as well as foul-smelling urine.

  • Kidney stones

    • Other causes of excretion system disorders are kidney stones. Kidney stones are a condition when minerals settle in the kidneys to form lumps like stones. The mineral comes from the rest of the waste substances in the blood which then settles and crystallizes over time. The formation of stones in the kidney can be caused by several factors, including lack of drinking water, taking certain medications, or suffering from an illness, such as infection and gout. Symptoms of kidney stones usually will not be felt by sufferers if kidney stones are still very small or have not blocked the urinary tract. But if the stone is large and has caused a blockage, it will cause symptoms in the form of pain. Symptoms of kidney stones that can appear when the stones rub against the urinary tract are permanent pain in the side of the abdomen, lower back, groin or even the testes, nausea, vomiting, urine color becomes reddish or darker, and pain when urinating.

  • Kidney inflammation (nephritis)

    • Kidney inflammation or nephritis is often caused by autoimmune disorders or bacterial infections that can affect kidney function. This condition can occur in areas within the kidney, such as glomerulus, tubules, or renal interstitial tissue. If inflammation of the kidneys is in a chronic condition, then the symptoms that will appear include reduced frequency of urination, deterioration of kidney function, nausea and lethargy, no appetite, as well as blood spots in urine. Treatment given to people with kidney inflammation will be adjusted to the cause.

How to Take Care of the Kidney Excretion System

So that your kidneys stay healthy, do the following simple things to prevent the emergence of various kidney diseases that can cause kidney excretion system disorders:
  • Drink plenty of water.
  • Adjust your diet. Choose foods such as fruits and vegetables for consumption every day.
  • Maintain your ideal body weight.
  • Stop smoking and stop drinking alcoholic beverages.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Avoid taking over-the-counter medicines, such as painkillers without doctor's advice.
  • Limit consumption and use of salt in food.
  • Control blood sugar and body blood pressure.
In addition to doing the above, it is also advisable to regularly see a doctor to monitor the condition and function of your kidneys. Kidney function tests that are usually done include a physical examination plus a blood test and urine test to assess the condition of the kidneys. With routine health checks, various disorders of the kidney excretion system can be found earlier and treated more quickly.

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